New Delhi. Today i.e. 1 December is celebrated as World AIDS Day. Its purpose is to make people aware about AIDS. AIDS is caused by HIV or Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This virus attacks the body’s immune system and weakens it so much that the body is not able to bear any other infection or disease.
HIV is such a virus that if it is not treated on time, it later becomes AIDS disease. There is no concrete cure for it yet, but with the help of some medicines, the viral load can be reduced, due to which the body’s immune system remains strong.
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The first HIV case was revealed in 1981
HIV was detected only in 1981, but its first case in India was revealed in 1986. Then this infection was confirmed in some sex workers living in Chennai. By that time HIV had reached many countries of the world and it had entered India as well. India ranks second in the world in terms of HIV infection.
In the same year, Tezzbuzz-based activist Chandra Shekhar Gaur filed an RTI, in response to which the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) has told that in 10 years more than 17 lakh people in India are vulnerable to HIV due to unprotected sex. have come in. According to NACO, between 2011 and 2021, there are 15,782 people who have become HIV positive through infected blood. While 4,423 children have been infected through mothers.
The biggest reason for getting infected with HIV is unprotected sex. In many cases, infection also occurs by coming in contact with infected blood. At the same time, this infection in children comes from their mothers. It has been more than 40 years since this virus came into the world, but till now there is no concrete cure for it. People infected with this are given anti retroviral therapy (ART), which reduces the viral load. If treatment is done on time, it helps a lot, but if it is not done, then the risk of getting AIDS increases. Usually, AIDS disease occurs many years after coming under the grip of HIV.
these are the figures
According to the World Health Organization, even now this virus is infecting millions of people every year. By the end of 2021, there were 3.84 crore people in the world who were infected with this virus. In 2021, HIV was the cause of death of 6.5 lakh people worldwide. According to NACO, in 2021, 62,967 new cases of AIDS were reported in India and 41,968 people died. Means an average of 115 deaths every day. UNAIDS figures show that by 2021, 24 lakh people in India were HIV infected. The World Health Organization (WHO) says that the prevention of HIV AIDS has not been done due to corona and it may be that due to this 77 lakh people will die in the next 10 years.
This is how the virus spreads
Having unprotected sex and coming in contact with infected blood increases the risk of HIV. It is very important to start its treatment at the right time. According to America’s Center for Disease Control (CDC), when infected with HIV, flu-like symptoms appear, such as fever, sore throat or weakness. After this, no symptoms are visible in this disease until AIDS is formed. On having AIDS, symptoms like weight loss, fever or night sweats, fatigue-weakness are seen. It usually takes three stages for HIV to turn into AIDS.
1st stage:
HIV infection spreads in a person’s blood. At this time, the risk of spreading the infection to many more people is highest. Flu-like symptoms appear in this stage. However, many times the infected person does not even feel any symptoms.
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Second stage:
This is the stage in which no symptoms are visible in the infected person, but the virus remains active. Sometimes more than 10 years pass, but the person does not need medicine. During this the person can spread the infection. Eventually the viral load increases and symptoms start appearing in the person.
Third Stage:
If the medicine is started as soon as HIV is detected, then the possibility of reaching this stage is very less. This is the most serious stage of HIV, in which a person becomes afflicted with AIDS. Due to AIDS, the viral load in a person becomes very high and it becomes very contagious. In this stage, it is difficult for a person to live for 3 years without treatment.
avoid like this
The highest risk of spreading HIV infection is through unprotected sex. In India too, the first case of HIV was revealed among sex workers. That’s why you must use precautions while having sex. Apart from this, one should also stay away from those who take drugs by injection. If HIV is detected, instead of panic, start antiretroviral therapy immediately, because HIV makes the body very weak and gradually other diseases also start engulfing it. Even though there is no cure for it yet, but it can be avoided through medicines.
